What is Bipolar Disorder?

When actress Catherine Zeta-Jones revealed this year that she’d been treated for bipolar disorder, she brought attention to a mental health condition that affects millions of people - not just the sufferers themselves, but their families, friends, co-workers and employers.

People with bipolar disorder are sometimes referred to as “manic-depressive” because of the mood swings that represent the major symptoms of the disease. The disorder includes three specific conditions: Bipolar I disorder, in which symptoms wreak significant havoc with patients and their relationships (manic phases can be severe and dangerous); Bipolar II, a less-acute condition with generally more manageable symptoms; and Cyclothymia, a milder form in which manic and depressive periods are less disruptive.

Symptoms of the manic component of the disorder include feelings of euphoria and extreme optimism mixed with poor judgment, rapid speaking, racing thoughts, and aggressive behavior. In the depressive phase, patients experience sadness and depression, suicidal thoughts and behavior, sleep problems, increased or diminished appetite, and feelings of anxiety or guilt. Seasonal changes seem to affect the mood swings in some patients.

The causes of bipolar disorder are unclear. Scientists believe it may be caused by an imbalance of neurotransmitters in the brain, along with genetic elements. Patients are commonly treated with a combination of psychotherapy and medication, which has been shown to have a positive impact.
If you suspect that you or a loved one is suffering from more than the occasional mood swing, contact Ravenwood Mental Health Center at 440-285-3568 for an appointment.